Purpose: The aim of this study was to explore the attitudes towards life among Adolescent girls in Tehran. The study aimed to identify the factors influencing their attitudes and provide appropriate strategies to improve their quality of life.   Methodology: This qualitative study utilized semi-structured interviews. Participants were purposively selected from Adolescent girls residing in Tehran. Data collection continued until theoretical saturation was achieved and was analyzed using NVivo software.   Findings: The results indicated that the attitudes towards life in Adolescent girls were influenced by factors such as self-confidence, body image, gender roles, stress management, personal values, family relationships, friendships, interaction with teachers, social acceptance, group activities, educational and career goals, future worries and hopes, media and technology influence, attitudes towards marriage and family in the future, and environmental and social issues.   Conclusion: This study revealed that the attitudes towards life in Adolescent girls are influenced by multiple individual, familial, social, and cultural factors. Understanding these attitudes can help improve programs and policies related to the physical and mental health of Adolescent girls and provide appropriate strategies to enhance their quality of life.

Background and Objective: Few data are available about dietary patterns of Adolescents and to our knowledge no information are available in this regard in Iran. The present study aimed to identify major dietary patterns among Adolescent girls in Tabriz. Materials and methods: In this cross-sectional study, usual dietary intakes of students of Talaat intelligent guidance school of Tabriz from a total number of 257 female students aged 11-15y were assessed using a 162-item semi-quantitative food frequency questionnaire (FFQ). Students of this school were from all districts and had been elected by an entrance exam. Foods from FFQ were classified into 40 food groups and entered a factor analysis by SPSS. Results: We identified there were 6 major dietary patterns by factor analysis: (1) Western pattern (pizza, organ meats, fruit juice, sweats and desserts and etc) (2) Sweat junk foods pattern (dried fruits, jams and honey, sugars, tea, sweats and desserts, fruit juice and etc) (3) Asian pattern (legumes, potato, other vegetables, dough, high-fat dairy products, margarine, refined grains and etc) (4) Salty junk foods pattern (carrot, puffs, Potato chips, popcorn, crackers, pickles and etc) (5) low protein- soft drinks-oil pattern (cruciferous vegetables, green leafy vegetables, soft drinks, tomatoes, other vegetables, vegetable oils, mayonnaise and etc) (6) Iranian traditional dietary pattern (Hydrogenated fats, garlic, broth, tea, poultry and red meats). Overall, these dietary patterns explained 39.4% of total variance.Conclusion: Our findings suggest 6 major dietary patterns among Adolescent girls in Tabriz. The associations of these dietary patterns with health conditions remain to be identified in further studies.

This research aimed to comparison ofparenting styles and attachment styles of prison Adolescent girls with normal Adolescent girls. This research was causal-comparative studies. The statistical population included all prison Adolescent girls with normal Adolescent girls of west Azarbayjan province in 2014 year. Between them 80 Adolescent girls (40 prison person and 40 normal people) were selected with an available sampling method and matched in terms of demographic variables such as age, education, economic level. All groups completed the father’ s and mother’ s parenting styles questionnaire revised adult’ s attachment styles questionnaire. The data was analyzed by descriptive statistics, multivariate analysis of variance and LSD post hoc test. The finding indicated that there were significant differences between the mean of groups in terms of authoritative, authoritarian and inattentive parenting styles and secure, avoidant and ambivalent attachment style (P≤ 0/05). The authoritative parenting style and secure attachment style of normal Adolescent girls was higher than prison Adolescent girls and authoritarian and inattentive parenting style and avoidant and ambivalent attachment style of prison Adolescent girls was higher than normal Adolescent girls. Therefore inappropriate parenting and attachment styles led to tend of Adolescent girls to antisocial behaviors. Hence the educational programs in terms of appropriate parenting and attachment styles can effect in prevent of antisocial behaviors among Adolescent girls.

Background: To determine daily calcium, Vitamin D intake and serum biochemical findings of rickets in Adolescent girls.Methods: Atotal of 414 healthy Adolescent student girls aged 11-15 years were evaluated from various areas of Tehran, Iran with different socioeconomic status. A randomized, cross-sectional, prospective and descriptive study was undertaken for calculation of daily calcium, phosphorus intake and vitamin D acquirement by sunlight exposure by seven day recall record questionnaire. Serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D, parathyroid hormone, calcium, phosphorus and alkaline-phosphatase levels were measured. The serum abnormal biochemical findings of girls were divided as follows: normal or low calcium with raised alkaline phosphatase, group I; normal or low calcium with raised alkaline phosphatase, normal or raised parathyroid hormone, low 25- hydroxyvitamin D, group II and low phosphorus and 25-hydroxyvitamin D with raised parathyroid hormone, group III.Results: A total of 44 (10.62%) girls of 414 had abnormal biochemical findings, of these 29 (7%) were in group I, 9 (2.17%) in group 11, and 6 (1.45%) in group III.The mean daily calcium intake and vitamin D acquirement by sunlight exposure and dietary intake were 360.85±350.50 mg and 119.2±52.91 Urespectively. All girls had inadequate dietary calcium and vitamin D intake. All had less than 40 minutes sun exposure per day.Conclusion: This survey demonstrated that abnormal biochemical findings of rickets can occur even in sunny climates and are is caused by two factors, inadequate calcium intake as the major factor and vitamin D deficiency as a minor factor.

The aim of this study ws evaluating about the timing of the peak of puberty growth spurt. Attention to individual's growth potential in growth spurt periods, for correction of skeletal discrepancies is useful.The jaw's growth specially in mandible, obey from general body growth in growth spurt periods. Thus we attained timing of the growth spurt in Esfahanian girls, with attention to in cerements in height and weight. Height and weight are reliable indices for evaluating growth spurts. 1830 Esfahanian girls were selected and were grouped in 9 groups (8 to 16 years old).By using SPSS program, the mean age of growth spurt and height and weight centiles and the mean age for menarch were divided. In puberty, the mean of the Peak of growth spurt in height was 12 years old and the mean of the Peak of growth spurt in weight was 13 years old.Thus for growth modification treatments, we must consider these ages and these treatment must begin before growth spurts.